Application Of Magnets For Levitation Essay Research

Application Of Magnets For Levitation Essay, Research Paper

In ancient times work forces knew of a particular sort of stone that could draw other stones of the same sort and pieces of Fe toward themselves. Such stones were called loadstones. Today adult male uses the same force exerted by electromagnets and lasting magnets to supply magnetic adjutant to trains and more efficient power generators. This study will concentrate on the usage of magnets in the coevals of electricity and magnetically assisted trains. Magnetism is defined as the force exerted by a magnetic field. A magnetic field is defined as the energy exerted by the magnet. It is caused by the alliance of the spheres ( sub-atomic atoms ) of an object. When the spheres are lined up they produce magnetic attraction. When the spheres are non lined up so they cause the object to be demagnetized ( holding no magnetic power ) . Materials such as air, wood, Cu, and H2O do non react to the power of magnets. We so inquire & # 8220 ; Why and how is it possible to do a magnet out of copper. & # 8221 ; Good inquiry, and simple reply. Copper becomes magnetic when an electric current is run through it while spiraled around a magnet. Thus it is called an electromagnet. The undermentioned facts are to province the belongingss of magnetic force:1. If free to revolve, lasting magnets point about north-south.2. Similar poles drive, dissimilar poles attract.3. Permanent magnets merely attract objects with domains.4. Magnetic forces act at a distance, furthermore through nonmagnetic barriers. 5. Thingss attracted to lasting magnets ( other than lasting magnets ) besides become impermanent magnets.6. A spiral of wire with an electric current fluxing through it becomes an electromagnet.7. Puting Fe inside the spiral greatly increases the strength of an electromagnet.8.Changing magnetic Fieldss induce electric currents in Cu and other conductors.Some people like to speak about carnal magnetic attraction as a metaphor. Most people do non cognize that it really exists. There are really weak magnetic Fieldss around Homo-sapiens. The field can be detected by the Superconducting QUantum Interference Device ( SQUID ) .Magnets play a cardinal function in the coevals of electricity. Figure two below illustrates magnets in a generator. In order to bring forth electricity either the cringle or the magnets must be rotated comparative to one another.The energy for this rotary motion can be provided by a assortment of beginnings. One beginning is H2O which can be converted to steam, and is so used to drive turbines that operate generators. The energy to boil the H2O and change over it to steam comes from firing coal, oil, or natural gas, or from the heat released by controlled atomic reactions. Rotation of the turbines may be driven by the gravitative possible energy stored in H2O held behind the dike of a hydroelectric works, by air current in air current turbines, or by the steam produced of course within the Earth. These alternate power beginnings need to be used more around the universe in order to conserve dodo fuel.Another manner to conserve is by utilizing magnetic levitation ( magnetic levitation ) . In 1966 British applied scientist Geoffrey P

olgreen, promoted the use of hard ferrites (large compounds of iron oxide) for a maglev system called Magnarail (Livingston 96). He constructed a model from bricks of ferrite permanent magnets 12ft long with a 28in platform 18in wide. He proposed that the system should have 5 tons of cargo, or 50 people and, 5 tons of magnets, and should be altogether less expensive than a traditional train. One of the thing that he left out is that what happens if a screwdriver or a hammer gets discarded onto the track. An incident like that could result in serious consequences. The Japanese have superconducting magnets on the cars and copper coils in the guideway. When the electromagnet is turned on then it repels the magnets in the car. In 1977 test runs of the vehicle were started on Kyushu (southern most island). The four mile track allowed the ML-500 to make a world train speed record of 312mph. Other models were built afterwards with varying modifications. The United States also proposed a maglev system in the 1970s called Magnaplane. It was designed by Henry Kolm and Richard Thornton at MIT. A 1/25 model was made but funding was cut by congress. This new form of transportation may arrive late due to “perpetual” congressional gridlock. The Germans also have their own magsusp (magnetic suspension), not maglev, system called Transrapid. The bottoms of the cars are wrapped around a T-shaped track, and attracted up to a 3/8 inch servo-controlled gap. Propulsion is caused by the magnets similar to Japan’s MLs. The program began in 1969, and the latest prototype is the Transrapid 07 (Fig. 4), which reached a top speed of 310mph only 11mph under the Japanese MLU002N (Fig. 5).Transrapid expects to build a rail line linking Hamburg and Berlin. The cost for the project is estimated at $6 billion (U.S.), “two thirds of which will be provided by the government” (Livingston 96). On a 180-mile track the trains should reach speeds of over 250mph, and cover the distance in less than a hour. The “experiment” so to speak, displays the basic principle of maglev. Materials used were 4 triangle magnets, 2 “doughnut” magnets and a sharpened pencil. All of the triangle magnets are faced the same way. The pencil is then sharpened and taped at the parts where the magnets will be (enough so that the magnet won’t slide off). The doughnut magnets are then placed on the taped ends, with the doughnut magnets’ poles facing the same direction as the respective triangles’. The pencil with magnets is then hovered over the triangle magnets with the sharpened end of the pencil resting on the board.This array displays the near frictionless environment that these maglev and magsusp trains operate in. even though these trains use electric power, the amount used is much less than that of electric trains and other electric vehicles.Using a maglev or magsusp system give the world a faster means of transportation. Magnetic systems will help us to conserve electric energy. In using magnetic systems we must also be careful not to deplete the supply of permanent magnets like the depletion of fossil fuels.