Arts
– Are you fond of humanistic disciplines?
– Yes, I am. I am fond of humanistic disciplines. I truly bask everything that is aesthetically beautiful. I like painting, sculpture, and architecture. I am besides fond of music, concert dance, opera, and theater. Masterpieces have ever inspired people. The 20th century has given the universe one more assortment of humanistic disciplines – film.
– What sort of music do you like?
– I like both serious and pop music. I want to state that the dramatic alterations in musical manner occurred about 1900. After World War II daring music began to use the electronics techniques. The dehumanizing of music has been carried farther by the usage of computing machines to find the nature of sound stuffs and even to make musical pieces.
– Evergreen state popular music broad spread in the twentieth century?
– Yes, it was.
– What brought about the enormous growing of popular music during the twentieth century?
– The enormous growing of popular music during the twentieth century was the consequence of progresss in electronics. New techniques have made possible hi-fi reproduction of sound and its widespread and rapid airing through wireless, record player, tape recording equipment, and telecasting. In add-on, some of the instruments used in popular music have incorporated electronic elaboration every bit good as sound production.
– When did popular music originate?
– Popular music in the modern sense originated in the late eighteenth century, when laies made popular in ballad operas and dance music received broad circulation.
– What prompted a new way in popular music in the twentieth century?
– In the twentieth century a new way in popular music was prompted by the outgrowth of wind among inkinesss in the southern United States. After the original ragtime came wind proper, swing, bebop, and stone in its legion manifestations – hood, new moving ridge, etc. Early on in the century, the freshness of wind beat and laterality of brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments over strings attracted some serious composers who on occasion incorporated suited wind parlances into their plants. Since about 1930 popular music has bit by bit adopted techniques that originated in serious music. Regardless of the interaction of popular and serious music, the popularity of the former is one of the most important musical developments of the twentieth century.
– Who is your favorite composer?
– My favorite composer is Sergey Rachmaninoff. He was the last great figure of the tradition of Russian Romanticism and a prima piano ace of his clip. He is particularly known for his piano concerti and the piece for piano and orchestra entitled “ Rhapsody on a Subject of Paganini ” . At the age of 19 he graduated from the conservatory, winning a gold decoration for his one-act opera “ Aleko ” ( after Aleksandr Pushkin ‘s verse form “ The Gypsies ” ) . His celebrity and popularity, both as composer and concert piano player, were launched by two composings: the “ Prelude ” , and his “ Piano Concerto No. 2 ” . Rachmaninoff ‘s music, although produced largely in the twentieth century, rhenium brinies steadfastly entrenched in the 19th-century music. He was the concluding to show the tradition embodied by P. Tchaikovsky.
– Do you like the music of other Russian composers?
– Yes, of class. I besides enjoy Mikhail Glinka ‘s music. He was me first Russian composer to win international acknowledgment, and the acknowledged laminitis of the Russian nationalist school. The opera that first won him celebrity was “ Life for the Tsar ” . It was produced at St. Petersburg in 1836.
– What else did Glinka create?
– In 1842 Glinka created his 2nd opera “ Ruslan and Lyudmila ” . The composer Franz Listz was fascinated by the freshness of Glinka ‘s music.
– Did Glinka ‘s music influence the composers of wining coevalss?
– It should be said that Glinka ‘s work, although little in majority, is the footing of practically all later Russian music. “ Ruslan and Lyudmila ” provided theoretical accounts of lyrical tune and colorful orchestration on which Mily Balakirev, Aleksandr Borodin, and Nikolay Rimsky-Korsakov formed their manners. Glinka ‘s orchestral composing “ Kamarinskaya ” , of 1848, harmonizing to Peter Ilich Tchaikovsky, became the foundation of subsequently Russian symphonic music.
– Do you like the music of modern composers?
– As for modern composers I am fond of experimental plants of Igor Stravinsky. He heralded a new era in music. Stravinsky ‘s radical manner, labelled “ dynamism, ” “ brutality, ” or “ crudeness, ” concentrated on metric instability and disagreement. Following the leading of Stravinsky, Bela Bartok, and Sergey Prokofiev, entered a Neo-classical period characterized by restraint of emotional content.
– Do you like opera?
– Yes, I do. Particularly I like the operas created by Mozart, Verdi, and Tchaikovsky.
– Bash you cognize anything about the history of opera?
– It is by and large accepted that opera began in 1600 when the Florentine composer Jacopo Peri produced his “ Euridice ” , which is considered to be the first opera, at the nuptials of the King of France Henry IV and Maria de Medici. Later a group of Italian instrumentalists, poets, and Lords called “ Camerata ” revived the manner of musical narrative that had been used in Grecian calamity. By the late 1600s operas spread throughout Europe. Composers produced complicated arias, recitatives, couples to show the glorious voices of the vocalists.
– Do you like dad music?
– Yes, I do. I prefer the “ Beatles ” to all recent dad groups.
– Who were the members of the group?
– The four members of the group, all born in Liverpool, were Paul McCartney, John Lennon, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr. They came from a working-class background, and garlic had worked in assorted stone groups before they started executing together.
– When was the name of the group adopted?
– The name the “ Beatles ” was adopted in 1960. They were per organizing at nines in Liverpool and in Hamburg, which served as a proving land for popular instrumentalists of the period.
– What vocals made them the most popular stone group in Eng land!
– Such vocals as “ Love Me Do, ” “ Please Please Me, ” “ She Loves You, ” and “ I Want To Keep Your Hand ” made them the most popular stone group in England. Early on in 1964 what shortly came to be called “ Beatlemania ” struck the United States with the release at that place of the two last-named records and their first U.S. telecasting visual aspect on the “ Ed Sullivan Show. ”
– World health organization was inspired by the music of the “ Beatles ” !
– Such U.S. performing artists as Chuck Berry, Elvis Presley, and Bill Haley were inspired by the music of the “ Beatles ” . The “ Beatles ‘ ” long hair and gustatory sensations in frock proved influential throughout the universe.
– What kept the “ Beatles ” at the top of popularity charts for several old ages?
– The freshness and exhilaration of the earliest yearss of stone and axial rotation and, in combination with the simple but prosecuting wordss of Lennon and McCartney, kept the group at the top of popularity charts for several old ages. They won acknowledgment from the music industry in the signifier of awards for public presentations and vocals. With a solid fiscal footing they could experiment with new musical signifiers and agreements. The consequence was a assortment of vocals runing from laies such as “ Yesterday ” to complex beat melodies like “ Paperback Writer, ” from kids ‘s vocals such as “ Yellow Submarine ” to vocals of societal remark, including “ Eleanor Rigby. ”
– When did their public public presentations terminal?
– Their public public presentations ended in 1966.
– Bash you know any other durable and popular stone set?
– The “ Rolling Stones ” , English musical group, was one of the most durable and popular of all stone sets.
– What can you state us about this stone set?
– The name “ Rolled Stones ” was adopted from a vocal by the American blues musician Muddy Waters. The “ Rolling Stones ” began to execute in England in 1963, and a series of outstanding vocals had made the set second in popularity merely to the “ Beatles ” among stone and axial rotation audiences by 1966.
– What albums made the “ Rolling Stones ” popular?
– The group reached the tallness of its popularity in the late sixtiess and early ’70s with such albums as “ Beggar ‘s Banquet ” , “ Let It Bleed ” , “ Gluey Fingers ” , and “ Exile On Main Street ” .
– When were the “ Rolling Stones ” acting?
– The “ Rolling Rocks ” were still executing in the late twentieth century, long after the “ Beatles ” and other authoritative stone sets of the sixtiess had disbanded.
– What was the “ Rolling Stones ” music marked by?
– The “ Rolling Stones ‘ ” music was marked by a impulsive back- round, biting and satirical wordss, simple but expressive instrumental concomitants, and Jagger ‘s blues-influenced vocalizing.
– Well, now let us speak about picture. Are you fond of picture?
– To me painting is 2nd merely to music. I take a particular liking to Masterss ‘ chef-d’oeuvres. I have several albums with the greatest Russian and West European pictures.
– Which picture do you prefer Russian or West European?
– It is about impossible to state which painting I prefer Russian or West European. Each of them has its ain distinctive features. I like the coloring material of Andrew Rublev ‘s chef-d’oeuvres and I enjoy the Impressionists plants of art. I am besides fond of the “ Small Masterss ‘ ” plants of art. But most of all I admire Giotto. He is regarded the laminitis of modern picture. Giotto introduced position, three dimensional signifiers, landscape background, one graduated table for the people and another for the milieus, visible radiation without indicant of beginning and foreshortening in position. 1 besides like the art works created by the Russian painters – members of the “ World of Art ” group, such as Aleksandr Benois, Yevgeny Lansere, Konstantin Somov, Bakst.
– What was the end of the painters of the “ World of Art ” group?
– They strove to accomplish a synthesis of new western European tendencies and certain elements of traditional Russian common people art. They attacked the artistic criterions of the realist painters, the dampening influence of the Russian Academy of Arts, and emphasized individuality and artistic personality.
– Whose plants of art of the painters of the “ World of An ” group do you like most?
– I like the plants created by Konstantin Somov. He was a painter and in writing creative person. Somov attended the St. Petersburg Academy of Fine Art from 1888 to 1897, so he went to Paris to go to the studios of Filippo Colarossi and Whistler. Neither the Realism of the Russian instructors nor the fugitive quality of Whistler ‘s art was reflected for long in Somov ‘s work. Somov was associated with the “ World of Art ” Journal from 1898. He concentrated on the topics from the 18th century. In
the “ Lady in Blue ” , of 1897-1900, an oil portrayal of the creative person Yelizaveta Martynova, the antique frock of the figure in the foreground, and the park-like scene creates the ambiance of a revery. Somov ‘s pictures are characterized by a melancholic nostalgia in line with the gallant age of Watteau. The creative person shared his tempers with the symbolism.
– Do you like the plants of art of other Russian painters?
– Yes, do. I like Karl Bryullov ‘s plants of art.
– What can you state us about Karl Bryullov ‘s pictures?
– Karl Bryullov is celebrated for the unusual comprehensiveness of his artistic endowment. He was a perfect historical painter, portrait painter, and genre painter. He made the most noteworthy part to the Ro divinatory spirit holding combined proficient proficiency and classical academic preparation with a Romantic impulsiveness to bring forth some of the liveliest illustrations of Russian art of the period.
– Where did Karl Bryullov survey?
– Bryullov was educated at the St Petersburg Academy of Fine Arts. He studied in Italy from 1823.
– What is Bryullov ‘s greatest work?
– Bryullov ‘s monumental painting the “ Last Day of Pompeii ” is his greatest work. It brought him an international repute. Russia greeted him as a hero who had glorified the Motherland. Alexander Pushkin, Vassily Zhukovsky and Nikolay Gogol all heartily welcomed the creative person.
– Were Bryullov ‘s other pictures besides popular?
– Though he painted other monumental historical canvases, none was every bit successful as the “ Last Day of Pompeii ” . Much of his repute remainders on his more intimate portrayals, watercolors, and travel studies. Bryullov succeeded in asseverating something new in everything he created. During his long stay in Italy he was charmed by the life and imposts of the Italians, their temper and lyricality. In Italy Bryullov created a series of little genre pictures.
– Is Karl Bryullov your favorite Russian painter?
– Karl Bryullov is one of my favorite Russian painters.
– Whose plants art do you besides look up to?
– I am fond of genre scenes. I like Pavel Fedotov ‘s plants of art really much. He was a great maestro of genre picture. The painter elevated the family subject to the degree of play. He understood his undertaking in raising the moral criterions of the people by uncloaking the frailties of the society in his art. Fedotov was a fecund painter. For nine old ages he created a great figure of perfect plants of art, such as “ A Newly Awarded Officer ” , “ The Fastidious Bride ” , “ The Aristocrat ‘s Breakfast ” , two versions of the “ Mayor ‘s Proposal ” , three versions of “ The Young Widow ” , “ Encore, Once more Encore ” , “ The Gamblers ” . The motion initiated by Fedotov shortly became known as Critical Realism. It laid the foundation for the democratic picture of the “ Wanderers ” in the 2nd half of the 19-th century.
– What do you cognize about the “ Wanderers ” ?
– A truly national realistic tradition began with the visual aspect of the “ Wanderers ” . Kramskoy organized a protest against prescribed fabulous subjects in the competition for the Great Gold Medal that gave a six-year scholarship to analyze abroad. This action marked a interruption with the Academy ‘s out-of-date signifier of Neoclassicism patterned on Western theoretical accounts which lost popularity with the educated populace but continued to be taught and favoured at the official degree. After the interruption with the Academy Kramskoy sustained a group of 13 independent painters both organizationally and intellectually in maintaining with the spirit of the reform and redevelopment that swept Russia during the 1860s after the emancipation of the helot. He set up a communal workshop ( artel ) , the “ Wanderers ” . At the same clip Kramskoy defined ideological underpinnings of the new art: a combination of civic, moral and national ends, which infused Russian pragmatism with its crystal-clear ideal of service. He asserted that as painters in Russia were non free they had to take the most pressing jobs of the twenty-four hours as the topics of their plants of art. The most outstanding Russian creative persons of the 1870s and ’80s, including Ivan Kramskoy, Il’ya Repin, Vassily Surikov, Vassily Perov, and Vassily Vereshchagin, belonged to this group. The “ Wanderers ” attached much importance to the moral and literary facets of art than to aesthetics. Their artistic credo was pragmatism, national feeling, and societal consciousness. The influence of the “ Wanderers ” spread throughout Russia. This group was dominant for about 30 old ages.
– Can you tell us about one of the painters who sympathized with the “ Wanderers ” ?
– I shall state you about Vassily Vereshchagin. He was a naval officer, and on board the frigate “ Kamchatka ” he sailed to Den grade, France and Egypt. In 1860 holding abandoned his naval officer calling, Vereshchagin entered the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts. But dissatisfied with the conservativism and idealistic conventions of the academic system, he left the Academy in 1863. The critical pragmatism of the “ Wanderers ” ever evoke Vereshchagin ‘s understanding. He participated in some of their exhibitions.
– What is Vereshchagin ‘s best-known work of art?
– The best-known work of Vereshchagin ‘s Turkish series is the “ Apotheosis of War ” . It shows a heap of skulls against the devastated metropolis. On the frame there is an lettering: “ Dedicated to all great vanquisher: yesteryear, nowadays, hereafter. ” The topic of the picture, distinguished for anti-war symbolism, was repeated numerously in the twentieth century anti-war posting. Vereshchagin appealed for pacificism and his societal concern attracted the understanding of the liberally minded circles.
– What other Vereshchagin ‘s plants of art were are popular?
– Vereshchagin ‘s anti-Napoleonic series were really popular. The immense pictures of the series are non wholly free from the theatrical effects and the ostentation, but certain images are memorable because of their dramatism. “ Keep off I ‘ll Take Care of Him ” , of 1888-95, depicts the Russian zealots in an ambuscade, surrounded by the subdivisions of a snow-clad wood.
– Are you fond of portrayal?
– Yes, I do. I like the portrayals created by the Russian painters of the eighteenth century such as Vladimir Borovikovsky, Fyodor Rokotov, and Vladimir Dmitry Levitsky. The painters tried to render the profusion of the religious life of their theoretical accounts. They endowed them with the aristocracy of the human visage and signifier. Karl Bryullov was an first-class portrait painter excessively. Even in the ceremonial portrayals he managed to attach something new and turn the piece into a genre picture. Bryullov ‘s supreme accomplishments in portrayal are intimate, small-scale portrayals, in which the creative person was non restricted by academic tradition. Bryullov ‘s self-portrait is one of his best plant of art. The members of the “ World of Art ” group besides produced singular portrayals of celebrated Russian authors and creative persons. For illustration, Somov made a figure of portrayals of out standing Russian people, including Alexander Blok.
– What English painters can you call?
– William Hogarth, Thomas Gainsborough, Joshua Reynolds, John Constable are outstanding English painters. One of the greatest painters of Britain is Joseph Mallord William Turner. He frequently painted historical topics, affecting force every bit good as shipwrecks and infernos, in which the person figures appear as barely more than musca volitanss in a seething tide of humanity. He liked to attach to his plants with the labels with citations from poesy, frequently his ain. Turner was fond of painting the pure motion of multitudes of color – a sort of coloring material music, strikingly relevant to Abstract Expressionism of the fiftiess. Turner ‘s chef-d’oeuvres are “ The Slave Ship ” and the “ Rain, Steam and Speed ” . In the former the painter represented an incident common in the yearss of bondage, when full homo ladings were thrown into the sea, either because of epidemics or to avoid apprehension. The latter is one of the first pictures of a railroad train, and its Romantic idealisation of “ advancement ” – adult male suppressing nature by using its force. It should be said that Turner ‘s coloring material sense provided a disclosure to the Gallic Impressionists.
– Is the English school of painting proud of its portrait painters?
– Yes, surely. The greatest of them are Joshua Reynolds and Thomas Gainsborough. They created the portrayals of famed Godheads and ladies. Their plants are full of appeal and elegance. Throughout the eighteenth century, portrayal was the most of import genre of British picture. In portrayal an involvement in extremes of temper found most facile look in the work of Sir Thomas Lawrence. In the portrayals “ Richard Payne Knight ” and “ Pope Pius VII ” the creative person combined superb freedom of managing with dramatic look and scene.
– Do you like American art?
– Yes, I do.
– How did it develop in the twentieth century?
– At the beginning of the 20th century American Art was still traditional. But artistic currents from Europe continued to flux. They resulted in the neorealist “ Ash Gan ” group, and in the modernist group of “ 291 ” . An perfectly original American painter was Georgia O’Keffe. Throughout her long originative life, O’Keffe ‘s imagination was derived from the great assortment of objects environing her. In her “ Blue and Green Music ” the brushwork moved like ocular music. After World War I some American creative persons turned to new signifiers of pragmatism, concentrating on the platitude of American urban and rural life. One of the best of these American scene painters was Edward Hopper, He presents us with a black universe made up of soiled streets, glooming houses, comfortless suites such as in the “ Automate ” .
– What can you state us about American cultural life?
– American civilization has produced many outstanding authors, film makers, and instrumentalists. The state ‘s 19th-century literature was dominated by such names as Mark Twain, Edgar Allan & # 1056 ; & # 1086 ; & # 1077 ; , Herman Melville, Walt Whitman, and Henry James. Among the great American authors of the twentieth century were Ernest Hemingway, William Faulkner, John Steinbeck, and F. Scott Fitzgerald. The playwrights Eugene O’Neill and Tennessee Williams. The poets Ezra Pound, T.S. Eliot, and Robert Frost were popular excessively.
– What is one of the USA most popular and internationally influential art signifiers?
– One of the state ‘s most popular and internationally influential art signifiers has been the gesture image. American film makers such as Charlie Chaplin, Howard Hawks, Orson Welles, Frank Capra, John Ford, John Huston, Martin Scorsese, and Steven Spielberg gained universe celebrity for cinematic prowess.
– What music types have been developed in the USA?
– The state has developed several typical and extremely influential types of popular music: wind, the blues, state and western, and stone and axial rotation. The most of import performing artists have included Louis Armstrong, Duke Ellington, Charlie Parker, and John Coltrane in wind ; Muddy Waters in the blues, Hank Williams in state and western, and Elvis Presley in stone and axial rotation.
