The Cultural Differences International Hotel Companies Encounter in China Essay Sample

“This is the age of planetary economic system in which resource supplies. merchandise markets and concern competition are worldwide instead than simply in local or national range. ” “The planetary economic system offers great chances of world-wide sourcing. production. and gross revenues capablenesss. ” Nevertheless. when companies stretch their leg to the universe. they have to confront many challenges caused by the procedure of globalisation. Cultural differences are the inevitable inquiry they have to meet. During my internship period. I worked as a receptionist in Park Plaza Beijing Science Hotel. which is managed by Carlson. a planetary cordial reception and travel company. In my research paper I will take Carlson Hotels as a chief illustration to do a deep analysis about what are the popular cultural differences that transnational corporation brushs in China and what struggles those cultural differences will do. Carlson is a family-owned. planetary cordial reception and travel company. Headquartered in Minneapolis. Minn. . Carlson encompasses 1. 077 hotels in 81 states and districts ; 924 eating houses in 61 states and districts ; and a bulk interest in Carlson Wagonlit Travel. the planetary leader in concern travel direction. which operates in 153 states and districts. My concentration will be on the country of its hotels in China.

The Carlson Rezidor Hotel Group is one of the world’s largest and most dynamic hotel companies. It has a antic portfolio of 1. 319 hotels in operation and under development. a planetary footmark covering 81 states and districts and a powerful set of planetary trade names: Radisson Blu. Radisson. Park Plaza. Park Inn by Radisson. Country Inns & A ; Suites By Carlson and Hotel Missoni. Until the October 14th of 2010. throughout China there have been 10 hotels managed by Carlson Company in operation and 11 1s have been contracted. In add-on. there will be 9 Carlson hotels opening in 2011 to 2013.

For more possible consumers and lower labour costs ; Carlson is on a rapid enlargement in China. Apart from Carlson. many other international hotel companies do concern in China. such as Sheraton Hotel. Hilton Hotel. Shangri-La Hotel. Hyatt Hotels. Not merely confronting with the challenge of complex and dynamic planetary economic environment. international hotels besides encounter Chinese societal and regional civilization which in a big portion differs from that of America. Global concern executives must understand and cover successfully with general environment conditions that present many differences in economic. legal-political and human resources systems. among other facets of concern substructure. Culture differences tend to elicit struggles and concern failure. Success of international hotel company is non achieved merely by coming to China. But they need to set up themselves locally and go Chinese citizens.

Chapter Two the Theory of Cross-Culture Conflict
2. 1 The Concept of Cross Culture Conflict
Cross-cultural struggle can be defined as struggle generated. and possibly exacerbated or perpetuated. by cultural differences among the groups involved in the struggle. The civilization in which a individual is raised dramas a important function in determining his values. ethical motives. behaviours and attitudes. These features impact how a individual thinks. and what his overall mentality is toward the universe around him. When a individual is met with the rules and ideals of a different civilization. cross-cultural struggle takes topographic point. The power of civilization is strong. and it can be hard to get the better of cross-culture struggle. as evidenced by legion struggles between different cultural groups. Peoples in different cultural background hold typical values. attitude and ways of solutions towards six basic issues faced by human existences. These issues include positions about humanity. positions about himself and the nature. relationships with people. the inducement about human’s action. the attitude towards personal infinite and clip. In order to understand the construct of cross-culture struggles better. I will discourse three issues in item. Through comparing the western civilization represented by America and Asiatic civilization represented by China. we can see how otherwise people from different civilization background think the same issue and how cultural differences affect their attitudes and actions towards life and work. 2. 1. 1 Humanity

Although sharing many facets in common. western civilization and eastern civilization differ from each other in tonss of basic issues. Equally far as Western mainstream civilization is concerned. human nature is originally selfish. greedy. lazy. green-eyed monster. etc. That is “Man’s nature is evil at birth. ” As a effect. western states normally adopt both faiths and Torahs and ordinances to steer. educate or purely limit people’s assorted activities in the society. Based on the apprehension of human nature that is evil at birth. the western civilization and societal establishment and system are built up. This method of utilizing both soft power. such as faith. and compulsory power. such as Torahs. guarantee the stableness and development of western states.

On the contrary. in China people believe “By nature. all human existences are kind” . keeping an optimistic attitude towards humanity. Based on this apprehension. in eastern states people’s actions and idea are more leaded or regulated by moral instruction instead than Torahs and ordinances. Actually. to some extent. societal order is chiefly regulated by the idea of some great minds. such as Confucius. LaoTse. Mencius. and some narratives or credo of Buddhism. Peoples in eastern states tend to utilize the idea of great minds to warm themselves to be moral and kindhearted and the worship of Buddhist heavenly existences such as The Goddess of Mercy and Buddha to curtail the inner lecherousness and urge to make evil. In the modern universe. Chinese people besides set up selfless and heroic theoretical accounts to steer people’s actions. while Torahs simply play a auxiliary function.

2. 1. 2 Time Orientation
“Time orientation is another dimension of the soundless linguistic communication of civilization. The manner people approach and cover with clip tends to change widely. ” There are wholly three sorts of clip orientations that are the past. the present and the hereafter. Peoples in the civilization of past clip orientation stress on tradition. value history ; people in the present clip orientation merely care about life at the minute and seldom program for tomorrow ; and people in the future clip orientation believe everything go oning today will pay back in the hereafter. Chinese civilization pays more attending to the past and present. and less on the hereafter. American civilization. by contrast. focal points on the present and the hereafter. As an American expression goes: “never call for spilled milk” . it indicates that: it is useless to repent for what has happened. and what is truly of import is the hereafter. compared with the hereafter even the nowadays is non critical. This sort of clip orientation is besides reflected on doing programs. In concern or direction field. Americans normally are more likely to do programs than Chinese. For illustration. an American director likely makes out a clip agenda including concern activities. concern trip planning. dialogues. careers. and etc several months even a twelvemonth in progress.

2. 1. 3 Relationship with others
The 3rd major issue is the difference between an individualistic civilization and a collectivized civilization. Individualism vs. Bolshevism. one of the cardinal dimensions. is defined by Geert Hofstede as “The grade to which a society emphasizes single achievement and opportunisms. versus corporate achievements and the good of groups. ” On the individualist side we find societies in which the ties between persons are loose: everyone is expected to look after himself or herself and his or her immediate household. Peoples from individualistic civilization such as USA are by and large more egoistic and stress largely on single ends. They besides tend to believe merely of themselves as persons and as “I” distinctive from others. Additionally. people in individualistic civilizations emphasize their success and accomplishments in occupation or private wealth and taking up to make more or a better occupation place.

Particularly in the USA the battle about occupations and seeking to mount up in the hierarchy ladder is something really common. In concern they try to better their connexions and to derive more value out of them. non for set uping a good relationship but merely to be involved in a calculating manner. Employees are expected to support their involvements and to advance themselves when of all time possible. On the other side. Collectivist civilizations have a great accent on groups and believe more in footings of “we” . Peoples from collectivized civilizations like China view single as a portion of a group and think that single can non last without the company of group. They besides think a individual should seek to be gregarious,and a person’s alone personality will incur disfavor and disaffection from others. In add-on. harmoniousness and trueness within a company is really of import and should ever be maintained and confrontation should be avoided. In China it is out of inquiry to differ with someone’s sentiment in public. You will make that in a more private and personal ambiance to protect a individual from the “loss of face” . 2. 2 Reasons of Cross-Culture Conflict

When an international company enters into an unfamiliar civilization. it will see many confusions and uncomfortableness. and so civilization daze or civilization struggle appears. In order to go comfortably or make concern successfully around the universe. people must pay attending to civilization diversenesss and dealt with cross-culture struggle. An American exporter. for illustration. one time went to see a Saudi Arabian functionary. He sat in the office with crossed legs and the sole of his shoe exposed—an unwilled mark of discourtesy in the local civilization. He passed paperss to the host utilizing his left manus. which Muslims consider dirty. and he refused to accept java when it was offered. proposing unfavorable judgment of the Saudi’s cordial reception. What was the monetary value for these civilization miscues? He lost a $ 10 million contract to a Korean executive better versed in Arab ways. What leads to the failure of concern in the illustration above? Obviously. it is the American executive’s ignorance of the civilization of the Middle East that causes cross-culture struggle and so the failure of concern. In most instances. a important factor that consequences in cross-culture struggle is ethnocentrism that is “the inclination to see one’s civilization as superior to others. ” Ethnocentrism leads us to do false premises about cultural differences.

We are ethnocentric when we use our cultural norms to do generalisations about other peoples’ civilizations and imposts. Such generalisations — frequently made without a witting consciousness that we’ve used our civilization as a cosmopolitan yardstick — can be manner off base and do us to misjudge other peoples. Ethnocentrism can take to cultural misunderstanding and it frequently distorts communicating between human existences. For illustration. when we go to a shop and inquire for a green coat and the gross revenues clerk gives us a bluish one. If we think the individual colour blind or stupid. we commit Ethnocentrism. The ground is that The Inuit ball sunglassess of what Anglo-Americans call “blue” and “green” into one colour class. tungortuk. which can merely be translated as “bluegreen. ” In the concern universe. if a leader is ethnocentric. he or she perchance will non be able to pull off company successfully. because few staffs will accept him or her prima. When a director coming from one civilization to another civilization. he or she will necessarily meet a group of people whose features are wholly different with his or hers. Whether a director is able to understand the characteristics of the staff in a given civilization background can fundamentally find whether he or she can manage cross-culture struggle.

Chapter Three Popular Culture International Hotel Companies Encounter in China 3. 1 Culture Conflict Caused by Language Barriers
3. 1. 1 Poor Level of English
As a celebrated international hotel and placement in an international metropolis—Beijing. Park Plaza Hotel managed by Carlson company welcomes invitees from all over the universe. About 40 per centum invitees are aliens who can non state any Chinese. As a effect. the demand for staffs’ accomplishment of unwritten and listening English is high. However. the job is in China most employees in the basic degree of hotel industries are poorly-educated. Most of them merely have secondary-school or high school sheepskin. The English degree was hapless even when they were in school. allow entirely after several years’ graduation. Merely a few staffs who have worked in gilded international hotels for more than two old ages can pass on with alien fluently. But the bulk of staff tend to switch occupations often. particularly those in the grass-root degree. in service industry. As a effect. few employees stay for long clip on grass-root places such as H2O. waitress. receptionist. housekeeper and concierge. Employees in these places are those who lack working experiences or have non work for a long clip or plants as housemans. As a consequence. most grass-root staff in this hotel can non pass on with aliens swimmingly and fluently.

Those staffs who have ne’er worked in a 4-star or 5-star foreign-related hotels are afraid of talking when the invitee is a alien. They choose to stand aside and go forth plants to experient receptionists who have no job at least in basic English communicating. Although after regular English preparation provided by the hotel. their English degree will better. they can merely get the hang a limited range of linguistic communication and the simplest vocabularies related to their working countries. Once invitees say something out of their on the job countries or speak in a faster velocity or in a particular speech pattern. most staff members feel it is hard for them to understand. During the short period of my on the job clip at the forepart desk. I encountered several times when my co-workers could non understand what the aliens were speaking about. I will mention two illustrations. The first 1 is that I have a co-worker named Wendy who has worked in this hotel in three different sections for 4 old ages. It seems that she is experient plenty. However. one twenty-four hours when an American lady asked her in a really standard pronunciation about how to travel to some celebrated scenic musca volitanss. such as The Great Wall. the Forbidden City and the Summer Palace. and whether the hotel could do the travel agreement for her. Wendy stunned and talk to me in Chinese: “Oh bad. I can’t understand what she is speaking about! ”

Fortunately. I had paid attending to the lady carefully earlier and understood what she wanted to convey. otherwise I could make nil for Wendy and had to inquire the American lady to reiterate what she had said. which must go forth a bad feeling on her or lead to her ailment about our service degree. The grounds why Wendy could non understand were that the American lady used some words which were non that basic and simple and some Proper Nouns that were beyond Wendy’ working country. because it is normally the concierge’s occupation to assist invitees by stating them about topographic points to see. eating houses to eat in etc. Another illustration is one twenty-four hours an Indian invitee suspected that we charged him overly. my co-worker Ada tried to explicate the measure to him. but Ada’s English was so hapless that she could non acknowledge many words and even could non articulate some basic words exactly. What made things worse was that the Indian pronunciation is really difficult to acknowledge. and no 1 standing aside could make Ada a favour to replace her to pass on with the Indian adult male. Fifteen munities had passed and the job remained unresolved. Consequently. it was our foreign director who took over this affair and solved it.

To sum up the low degree of staffs’ English accomplishments in listening and talking adversely impact the efficiency of work and the grade of guests’ satisfaction towards the service of the hotel. There are some remarks made by some invitees after they stayed in both Park Plaza Beijing Wangfujing and Park Plaza Beijing Science Park. A Lusitanian invitee on May 3. 2012 wrote that “The staffs of the hotel are really happy to assist in a really oriental manner. although many do non talk English really well” . An American invitee wrote that on May 6. 2012 “The forepart desk. concierge. bell male childs and dining room staff all speak English ( at least much better than I can talk Mandarin ) . Remember to be patient and to talk clearly and they will catch what you are stating. Like going to any foreign state. you need to demo regard and forbearance and all will work out well” . A invitee from UK said that “reception and concierge and anteroom service squads hapless English linguistic communication which resulted in several reiterating issues around acquiring service. peculiarly the “free drinks” portion of my upgraded suite bundle. ” A invitee from HK said that “only a few staff speaks English good. ” I besides find that many invitees who stayed at hotel managed by Carlson Hotel Company in other metropoliss of China wrote remarks to propose that staff should better English.

If hotel companies merely run concern in their ain state. linguistic communication barrier will non be. But when they operate concern abroad they have to confront this job which adversely affects guests’ feeling or satisfaction about these hotel companies. merely as Carlson Hotel Company. You may inquire: “why non engage employees who can talk English really good? ” This is a paradox in Chinese society. because. in China. if a individual can talk English good why he or she will be willing to take a poor-paid and indecorous occupation. The cardinal ground is that. in China. service occupation is poorly-paid and arduous but barely respected by others. people with college grade or knowing will non take to take occupation in this country. while people without high grade much instruction are willing to take but employee raining cost is higher and the preparation consequence is non that satisfied. because many staffs consider that the low wage does non merit paying excessively much attempt and energy on larning linguistic communication.

3. 1. 2 Poor Level of Chinese
There are merely three aliens. the general director. the executive helper director and the western eating house caput chef. among senior direction degree. They all come from English-speaking states and can non utilize Chinese to pass on. All their low-level staff members have to provide to them to talk English when communicate with them. This hotel is a good topographic point for English leaner to pattern unwritten English. but for those staffs whose English is medium or hapless ; it is an incommodiousness or obstruction to pass on with them. Normally many international companies will necessitate exiles to accept cross-culture and foreign linguistic communication preparation before exiles traveling to work abroad. It is obvious that the three aliens in Beijing Science Park Plaza Hotel senior direction degree have non received any Chinese civilization and linguistic communication preparation. Working at the forepart desk section. I had more contact with the executive helper manager—Erik. because he is besides the section director of forepart desk. He told me that he didn’t receive any formal Chinese preparation before he came to China and after three years’ work in China his listening comprehension of Chinese is 60 % and can talk 10 % Chinese.

Every twenty-four hours he would keep a brief meeting among staffs in forepart desk section. But 80 % of staffs could non take in his significance really good and 50 per centum of them wholly did non understand. Fortunately he had a Chinese helper ; his helper normally repeated what he had said and emphasized something particularly of import. One of fatal factors that will straight impact the development of transnational company overseas is linguistic communication proficiency. Mastering the linguistic communication of the host state. expatriates in the transnational companies can break understand the civilization of the host state ; relieve the force per unit area of accommodating new environment. The ability to talk read and compose the linguistic communication of the host state is besides an evaluating standard for the making of exiles. Apparently. the Carlson Hotel Company does attach adequate importance on this affair. or possibly it is out of ethnocentrism. 3. 2 High Frequency of Staff Turnover and the Serious Deficit of Staff in Chinese Hotel Industry 3. 2. 1 The Current Situation

It is normally known that high frequence of staff turnover in hotel industry is ever a serious obstruction that hinders its development. It is really hard to engage junior staff in the world-wide hotel industry. and paying high wage and fillips is a basic scheme to retain endowments. However this job becomes more terrible in China due to the low payment. although it is non the lone ground for this job. As labour-intensive industry. the normal rate of staff turnover is less than 15 % . But in a study conducted by China touristry association human resources development preparation centre among 23 cities’ two-star to five-star hotels reveals that in the past 5 old ages staff turnover rate is averagely 24 % in China. Additionally. in China hotel industry besides have to confront the job of serious deficit of staff chiefly in the grass-root degree. A national broad study indicates that the mean rate of escape of staff in hotel industry of China in 2011 is 45. 38 % . 3. 2. 2 The Reasons and influences of High Frequency of Turnover and deficit of staff in Chinese Hotel Industry Some major grounds will be discussed. First. staff turnover rate is particularly high among staff with university grade. High-star hotels ever want to increase knowing and knowing staff and cut down poor-educated or uneducated 1s.

But no affair what is your degree,new employees tend to be assigned to some low degree places. such as server. receptionist. housekeeper and concierge. Most college pupils will see making this indecorous occupation is a waste of their endowment and the university grade. Additionally. hotels simply pursue the end of enrolling staff with university grade but ignore schemes of maintaining them. Many directors with low grade in hotel normally do non handle staff with university grade in a patient manner and often knock them for the alibi that their on the job ability is non every bit high as staff with vocational school grade. which doubtless frustrate them and strength their determination for surrender. Second in China people working in hotel consider they have to depend on young person to do a life. merely as Air steward. and one time staff get over a certain age. they will be washed out. Adverse consequence is that staff members who are close to that wash-out age will believe them are non suited to work in basic degree and fix to vacate.

However this state of affairs does non be in western states. There are many servers and waitresses who are over 40 old ages old in hotel industry in America. The ground is that American jurisprudence and ordinance and societal public assistance guarantee the grass-root occupation in hotel industry can be counted on a womb-to-tomb to provide his or her household. Besides most staff get progressively bored with service occupation and comparing with their low degree of income with guests’ high degree of ingestion they feel progressively unjust in the long tally and choose to go forth this industry. For illustration. in four or five-star hotels in China. receptionists’ daily-wage is estimated to be 100 to 120 Yuan. and their wage is higher than that of any other places in the basic degree.

Whereas. a Buffet Breakfast is more than 120 Yuans. their day-to-day pay even can non afford a breakfast. As to the room rate is at least 550 Yuan per twenty-four hours which equals their more than five days’ pay. On the contrary. in western states staff in service industry is good paid. and averagely their two hours-wage can afford a rich repast in hotel. Plus they can have extra income from tips paid by invitees. Tip is a must after you receive service in western counties but unneeded in China. High frequence of staff turnover and outflow adversely affects non merely the stable development of hotel industry but besides the on the job efficiency and productiveness. This is a tough job disputing these international hotel companies.

3. 3 Different Understanding towards Service between the Western Countries and China The largest felicity in the universe is to do others happy. The construct of “service” merely illuminates this great idea which has existed for a long clip. In Chinese civilization. “service” means being ordered by others and fulfilling other’s bid. Doing service occupation is indecorous and normally looked down by others. In contrast. in the western states. “Service” and “Servant” have the same lexical beginnings and to boot due to the long clip influence of the Bible. most western people believe that “everyone is the retainer of Jesus” and that everyone should seek to go servant leaders in their working Fieldss. The construct of “service” and “servant” has been changed and elevated. Apart from that. many western hotel company. such as Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company educated their employee non to be black of functioning others but proud of it. because service can convey felicity and satisfaction to people. make people experience refreshed. promote people’s moral and even sublimate the bosom. All these theories are from the credo that homo are born with wickedness of western Christianity.

In add-on staff members in the western service industry are good paid and educated. and they seldom experience unjust and psychological instability. As a effect. employees in western service industry have much better service attitude and forbearance than those in Chinese hotel industry to the guests’ demand. Furthermore. the western invitees and Chinese invitees treat staffs in hotels with wholly different attitude. Normally western invitees are kinder and patient even they have dissatisfaction towards the service. they will non show it out straight or scold staffs. They normally write remarks or ailment on some celebrated travel web sites or compose some suggestions to hotel directors. On the contrary Chinese invitees tend to hold bad piques and be really impatient. Once they feel a small dissatisfaction they will show it instantly in a ill-mannered manner. such as scold staffs or even shout out in the hotel anteroom.

During my internship I can about see Chinese guest complain impolitely and aloud in forepart of the response desk every two yearss. For illustration. when a receptionist is slow in the cheque in and check-out procedure procedures due to strangeness to work process. the western invitees normally will wait patiently and maintain lull. This will allow the receptionist feel highly regretful for inefficiency and apologise unfeignedly. But Chinese invitees will utilize the room card to strike hard on the marble response desk and complain that “what the snake pit are you making! ” “Do you truly cognize how to make the occupation? ” “Quite stupid and inflexible! ” But the restlessness and discourtesy of Chinese invitees will strength the unjust and psychological instability of staff. and in return they will handle Chinese invitees in the same manner. Normally after the invitee leaves. the receptionist will murmurs “SB” to the invitee. (”SB” means “stupid guy”) .

To sum up. no affair how excellent of the service of some international hotel companies in their local states. they can non vouch to supply the same quality of service to their clients when they operate concern in China. The quality of citizens can non be changed in short term.

Chapter Four Solutions to Cultural Conflict Challenging International Hotel Industries Operating Business in China Although cross-culture corporation have to confront the challenge of civilization struggle. cultural differences bring about civilization diverseness and doing good usage of civilization diverseness will obtain new competitory border. Multinational corporations by and large adapt four ways of cross-culture direction. The first 1 is socialization. viz. . “Do in Rome as Rome does” . This scheme is suited to follow when the targeted state has a low degree of unfastened market and there are big differences between the civilization of the corporation and that of the targeted state. The advantage socialization is to assist corporation to stand stably in the new environment. cut down ill will and clash caused by the mark state and obtain trust from local society and so spread out market.

The 2nd 1 is civilization compatibility. The 3rd one is civilization alteration. Multinational Corporation appreciation host country’s civilization altering chances to do the civilization of host state conform to its ain demands of production and development and do its ain civilization dominate in the host state. Many American companies. such as Coca Cola. McDonald’s. Pizza Hut. follow this scheme. And the last 1 is civilization avoiding. When two states civilization can non be compatible with each other. International Corporation had better to follow this scheme. But few corporations will spread out its market in incompatible states. Many transnational hotel companies in the western states normally adopt the scheme of civilization alteration to pull off their subcompanies in China. because nowadays the civilization of some English-speaking states. particularly the United States. deeply and extensively affects and challenges Chinese civilization and Chinese immature people. But for better development and adaptation Chinese society. it is necessary for transnational companies to acquire better apprehension of Chinese civilization.

4. 1 Solutions to Cover with Language Barriers
Based on the current state of affairs of China. the best solution to work out the job of linguistic communication barriers is non to necessitate all staff to get good accomplishments of English but to supply modulate English preparations for all the grass-level staffs and mandate them to accept linguistic communication preparations. In order to guarantee that all the grass-level staffs master basic English particularly those often used in their work. hotel companies should set up scrutiny to prove their degrees. Besides. hotel must necessitate every responsibility director in each section to get the hang English in instance to be able to replace basic-level staffs to pass on with foreign invitees in a few tough instances. However the most of import for transnational hotel companies in China is to offer exiles developing about Chinese civilization and linguistic communication. At least they can pass on with those basic-level staffs in Chinese. After all to anticipate Chinese staffs in grass-root degree to be adept to English speech production and hearing is impractical and unreasonable.

4. 2 Solutions to High Frequency Staff Turnover and Outflow. What transnational hotel companies can make to cover with the job of high frequence staff turnover and escape is limited by China’s national status to some extent. No affair how hard is this job. in order to develop successfully they have to make something to pull and retain endowments. Schemes such as bettering staffs adjustments and public assistance system and increase fillip are normally used by all sorts of corporations. Multinational hotel companies in China have to accommodate to the ineluctable and serious state of affairs of high frequence staff turnover and escape. In most instances. looking for suited external resources is the first pick. When there are available supply of human resources. high frequence staff turnover and escape is non really awful. It is undoubtedly China is ne’er short of work force. plentifulness of new work forces are waiting for international companies to engage. But an inexperient work force constantly causes high degree of preparation cost. So hotel should pay high attending to the most important and efficient solutions: retaining experient staff. When staff feels company attention about them. their trueness to company will increase.

Chapter Five Decision
Through analysing the construct and grounds of cross-culture. popular civilization differences transnational companies will meet in China and solutions to these cultural differences. I want to show that the complexness of the international environment makes the operation of transnational corporations highly disputing and that In the dynamic and ever-expanding planetary economic system. the consciousness of civilization differences and attaching great importance on this issue is critical to the success of transnational companies. But the direction scheme I prefer to cover with this issue is to accommodate to and larn about the civilization in host counties with full grasp and regard. As Hofstede provinces. “disregard of other civilization is a luxury merely the strong can afford. ······the attendant addition in cultural consciousness represents an rational and religious addition. and so far as direction theories go. cultural relativism is an thought whose clip has come. ”

There are many lacks in my paper. such as deficient concern and direction theories and concern illustrations. As an English linguistic communication learner what I am able to chiefly discourse is linguistic communication and the civilization differences between English-speaking states and China. In fact many issues can be analyzed and studied in the field of cross-culture struggles international hotel companies will meet in China. For illustration. the civilization diverseness in the unwritten linguistic communication communicating chiefly includes four facets: high context and low context. euphemism and direct address. splintering in and maintaining in silence. listening attentively to and communicating. Additionally. people besides can analyze the civilization diverseness in gestural communicating. such as phonetics. tone of voice. oculus contact. facial look and interpersonal infinite. and some issues in concern field. such as across-culture human resource direction. cross-culture selling.