Naikan Therapy Essay Research Paper Counseling PsychologyDr
Naikan Therapy Essay, Research Paper
Reding Psychology
Dr. B. Rudolph
December 15, 1999
Naikan Therapy
Naikan Therapy Defined
The adult male responsible for the development of Naikan Therapy is Mr. Ishin Yoshimoto. Mr. Yoshimoto developed Naikan therapy as a short term structural intervention that is utile in handling matrimonial and familial struggles, interpersonal relationship issues, depression and anxiousness, self-esteem issues, behavioural upsets, and habit-forming behaviours ( Ramaswami & A ; Sheikh, 1989, p. 106 ) . Nakian translates to intend & # 8216 ; to look within one & # 8217 ; s self. The intent of Naikan therapy is to increase consciousness of oneself every bit good as credence without going judgmental ( Walsh, 1989 ) .
Naikan therapy was developed in the 1950 & # 8217 ; s with its roots being maintained in Buddhist doctrine and pattern. Similar to Morita therapy and other Asiatic therapies, Naikan therapy & # 8217 ; s chief focal point is chiefly on transpersonal and experiential degrees and relies really small on pathology. In Nipponese Nai means interior and Kan means observation and self-contemplation. It is believed in Nipponese Buddhist doctrine every bit good as Naikan therapy that personal jobs and dissatisfaction with life issues or frequently between a individual & # 8217 ; s ideal ego and their existent ego ( Walsh, 1989, p.547 ) .
Naikan Therapy Procedure
Naikan therapy hopes to let the person to recognize that they have a duty to how they relate to other people and their environment. In order to make this ; Naikan therapy combines speculation and Buddhist therapy theoretical accounts to strengthen western psychotherapeutics theoretical accounts. It does so in the undermentioned ways, & # 8220 ; 1 ) by offering penetration into
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self-defeating behaviours by concentrating on them and overstating them ; 2 ) by break uping the tight clasp of believing on behaviour by retraining attending ; and 3 ) by bring forthing an incorporate hypothalamic response that decreases sympathetic activity & # 8221 ; ( Ramaswami and Sheikh, 1989, p.109 ) . Peoples utilizing the Naikan therapy attack are assisted in allowing spell of selfish fond regards and guilt that accompanies populating a egoistic life. The healer & # 8217 ; s function is to carefully steer the client on self-contemplation and recollections the client & # 8217 ; s portion with the healers. These remembrances focus on what was received from important others in footings of services, gifts, kindness and other objects, what has been returned to important others in life, and what problems, incommodiousnesss, fraudulences, pettiness and other selfish things that happened with these important others ( Ramaswami & A ; Sheikh, 1989, p.108 ) . Naikan therapy & # 8217 ; s chief end is to hold clients acknowledge their duty to the people in their life every bit good as to the environment environing them.
The Naikan Therapeutic Process
Traditional Naikan therapy consists of two parts: submergence and guidance.
Immersion takes topographic point where a individual can be isolated. The client will kip and eat entirely and undergo preparation in speculation techniques. Meditation may last from 4:30 ante meridiem until 7 p.m. Clients receive visits from their healers and different times during the twenty-four hours that will typically last one to two hours. The intent of these visits is to farther teach them on speculation and to keep duologues with them refering self-contemplation and reoccurring life subjects. For illustration, clients can research desires that block constructive life, such as dishonesty, negativeness, and faulting. It is of import that therapists show honor and regard to their clients and systematically reenforce their ability to work out their ain jobs.
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To demo honor and regard and to offer authorization to the client, the healer will & # 8230 ; & # 8221 ; bow his or her caput to the floor, open the folding screen, bow once more, and inquire what topic the client is concentrating on for that current speculation. This ritualized format symbolizes the healer & # 8217 ; s humbleness as he are she prepares to listen to the client & # 8217 ; s confession. The client & # 8217 ; s response is similarity in ritual signifier. He or she reports the individual and clip period of his or her remembrances ( Reynolds, 1982, p.47 ) .
Approximately 20 per centum of the clip the client spends chew overing are spent on what important people in their lives have given them and what they have returned. 60 per centum is spent on the problem or incommodiousnesss that they have caused to their important others. The most common subject that occurs during speculation is the relationship between the client and his or her parents. Since a individual & # 8217 ; s relationship base is strongly influenced by parents, this subject is frequently discusses early in therapy. One premise of Naikan therapy is that people, as they grow up, frequently develop deformed character and/or destructive forms. Traumas and past failures can non be forgotten or undone but it is possible to alter a client & # 8217 ; s attitude. Naikan therapy attempts to reconstitute the thought forms of clients. Naikan therapy besides tries to give clients a moral construction for populating based on the Buddhist rule of & # 8216 ; giving. Clients work from past to show, sharing their thoughts about past events. During the first hebdomad of therapy, the client portions their past experiences with the healer while the healer listens without noticing.
This procedure, besides speculation, includes, paraphrasing, recasting, and reflecting any statements the client makes. Merely when the healer has a thorough apprehension of the client & # 8217 ; s issues, will he or she begin to construe and steer their client.
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Harmonizing to Reynold & # 8217 ; s ( 1982 ) the healer & # 8220 ; & # 8230 ; directs the client off from abstract or obscure descriptions of past events and personal agony. The end is [ for clients to utilize ]
Concrete statements about specific personal experiences & # 8221 ; ( p.48 ) .
The 2nd portion of Naikan therapy, guidance, consists of hebdomadal or monthly visits to healers to describe the activities they have participated in and the consequences of their speculation. Most clients and healers use journaling as a manner to bring forth client/therapist communicating. A healer besides employs prep assignments dwelling of & # 8216 ; making good workss & # 8217 ; and stating things that show grasp. Reynolds ( 1989 ) besides describes how a client must besides see how objects as
good as other human existences ( p.191 ) serve them. Since Naikan therapy’s end is to make a higher consciousness, an ability to pattern day-to-day speculation at a changeless topographic point at a changeless clip is critical.
Naikan Therapy in a Western Approach
In Walsh & # 8217 ; s book, he illustrates the usage of Naikan Therapy in a western context
With a 35 twelvemonth old adult male seeking to come to clasps with a relationship dissolution.
& # 8220 ; & # 8217 ; M & # 8217 ; came to therapy with the desire to cut down emphasis and
get the better ofing a by and large & # 8220 ; blue experiencing & # 8221 ; . & # 8216 ; M & # 8217 ; reported that
he felt a great trade of choler, yet even after showing his
choler, he felt & # 8220 ; stuck & # 8221 ; . After explicating the Nakain signifier
curative intercession, & # 8216 ; M & # 8217 ; was invited by the healer
to portion his feelings. He talked for over an hr about his
province if head and how he thought he had been get bying. The
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Therapist listened and asked merely clear uping inquiries.
The healer & # 8217 ; s sense of & # 8216 ; M & # 8217 ; & # 8217 ; s status is personified
In & # 8216 ; M & # 8217 ; & # 8217 ; s imagination of how he saw his life. & # 8216 ; M & # 8217 ; described
His being as: & # 8220 ; Traveling down the route of life, minding
My ain concern, and being attacked by co-workers
who disagreed with me. The ferociousness of their
onslaughts was a existent surprise and I felt myself being
knocked down in the clay. The sorrow of their onslaughts
seems to hold someway paralyzed me & # 8230 ; I don & # 8217 ; t feel like
I can acquire up, yet I see the utility of remaining and
wallowing in the mud. & # 8221 ;
After the client had mastered the accomplishment of speculation, the healer concentrated on the important relationships in the client & # 8217 ; s life whether they are positive or negative.
This peculiar client chose to work on his relationship with a co-worker who he felt was assailing him. Alternatively of concentrating on the negative facets of his relationship with the co-worker, he asked to concentrate on what he had learned in the brush with that individual.
The client found it hard to concentrate on the positive parts but he was able to name achievements and what he had learned about himself.
Reding with the basic schemes and doctrines staying the same followed the basic Nakian attack. In consistence with western tradition alternatively of construing the client & # 8217 ; s issues for him, the healer let the client semen to his ain significance ( Walsh, 1989 ) .
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Decision
I think that Naikan therapy has several strengths. For one, the usage of speculation can be carried over for non-therapy grounds. Day to twenty-four hours emphasis alleviation, religious cleaning and other grounds that may stay personal. The writers province that Naikan therapy has its footing in the experiential cantonment, but it is besides cognitive-behavioral and in that manner can be made to be contributing to the Western psychotherapeuticss. Second it takes the focal point off from & # 8220 ; I & # 8221 ; and transportations it to & # 8220 ; you, it, they, them, environment & # 8221 ; , this enables the client to get away damaging forms.
Another strength is that it is a short- term therapy and this makes it more attractive to persons seeking guidance. The thought of long -term guidance may deter possible clients from seeing a healer.
A major failing that I find with the Naikan therapy is the sum of clip spent in submergence. This leads me to believe that this therapy will merely be good to persons who can afford to give that sort of clip to speculation.
The beginnings that I read did non offer any indicant that this therapy was used for people with different affective orientation, people of Afro-american, or Latino ethnicities. There besides was no grounds that people form a low SES background were given Naikan Therapy. So far Naikan therapy has been chiefly focused in Japan, Germany and Australia, there is nevertheless a Naikan healer in California.
The interviewing accomplishments that are necessary for Naikan therapy, paraphrasing, recasting and the reflecting of client & # 8217 ; s thoughts. This means that good hearing accomplishments are needed every bit good.
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I like this therapy because of the usage of speculation. By tradition, the western civilization is in a ageless province of gesture and larning the accomplishment of speculation we can larn to decelerate down and concentrate. It besides entreaties to me because it teaches you to be more cognizant of the other people in your life and to pay attending to your environment. America is the place of the & # 8220 ; I & # 8221 ; doctrine & # 8230 ; . I this and I that, etc. Naikan therapy forces us to concentrate on the others.
There was no research back uping the effectivity of the theory. Some information was available in Ramaswami & # 8217 ; s article but it was unsubstantiated and non clearly described.
Bibliography
Reference List
Reynolds, D. ( 1989 ) . On being natural: Two Nipponese attacks to mending, In A. Sheikh & A ; S. Shiekh & # 8217 ; s Eastern and western attacks to mending: Ancient wisdom & A ; modern cognition, NY: John Wiley.
Reynolds, D. ( 1982 ) . Quiet therapies, Honalulu, HA: University of Hawaii Press.
Ramaswami, S. & A ; Sheikh, A. ( 1989 ) . Buddhist psychological science: Deductions for mending, In A. Sheikh & A ; S. Sheikh & # 8217 ; s Eastern and western attacks to mending: Ancient wisdom & A ; modern cognition, NY: John Wiley
Walsh, R. ( 1989 ) . Asiatic psychotherapeuticss, In R. Corsini & A ; D. Wedding & # 8217 ; s Current Psychotherapies ( 4th edition ) . Itasca, NY: F.E. Peacock.
Reference List
Reynolds, D. ( 1989 ) . On being natural: Two Nipponese attacks to mending, In A. Sheikh & A ; S. Shiekh & # 8217 ; s Eastern and western attacks to mending: Ancient wisdom & A ; modern cognition, NY: John Wiley.
Reynolds, D. ( 1982 ) . Quiet therapies, Honalulu, HA: University of Hawaii Press.
Ramaswami, S. & A ; Sheikh, A. ( 1989 ) . Buddhist psychological science: Deductions for mending, In A. Sheikh & A ; S. Sheikh & # 8217 ; s Eastern and western attacks to mending: Ancient wisdom & A ; modern cognition, NY: John Wiley
Walsh, R. ( 1989 ) . Asiatic psychotherapeuticss, In R. Corsini & A ; D. Wedding & # 8217 ; s Current Psychotherapies ( 4th edition ) . Itasca, NY: F.E. Peacock.
